Áreas marinas clave durante la migración de los pingüinos en el Mar Argentino: aportes al conocimiento para su conservación

Melina Barrionuevo; Marcelo Acha; Esteban Frere

doi:10.56178/eh.v41i1.1537

Articles Published 28 June 2026 https://doi.org/10.56178/eh.v41i1.1537

Key marine areas during penguin migration in the Argentine Sea: contributions to their conservation knowledge

Argentine Sea marine fronts migration non-breeding season penguins

Melina Barrionuevo Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina

Marcelo Acha Programa Ecología Pesquera, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), CONICET, Paseo Victoria Ocampo No. 1, B760 HSA Mar del Plata, Argentina

Esteban Frere Centro de Investigaciones de Puerto Deseado, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, CONICET, Av. Prefectura s/n, 9100 Puerto Deseado, Argentina

Abstract

During migration, seabirds concentrate in key oceanic areas associated with high productivity. Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) and Western Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) spend most of the non-breeding season migrating in the Argentine Sea. Here, we compared the distances and phenology of migratory trips between both species breeding in nearby colonies (< 20 km apart in Puerto Deseado, Santa Cruz). In addition, we evaluated the association of these colonies and other Magellanic Penguin colonies with marine fronts during migration. Between 2017 and 2024, we analyzed 186 geolocators recovered from adult individuals of both species. Western Rockhopper Penguins traveled greater total distances and moved farther offshore than Magellanic Penguins, but the maximum distances reached were similar. Magellanic Penguins departed from and returned to the colony earlier than Western Rockhopper Penguins, exhibiting interspecific reproductive allochrony. The most frequently used front by both species was the El Rincón Front. In the case of Magellanic Penguins, the Río de la Plata Front appears to act as the eastern limit of migration for individuals from northern colonies (60% of the population evaluated), whereas the Patagonian Current Front is used by individuals from southern colonies (16%). Under thermal anomalies, Western Rockhopper Penguins also used the shelf-break front. These findings reveal spatial and temporal segregation in habitat use by these species and highlight the importance of key areas for their conservation, such as the waters of El Rincón and the Río de la Plata.

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Melina Barrionuevo, Marcelo Acha, Esteban Frere (2026). Key marine areas during penguin migration in the Argentine Sea: contributions to their conservation knowledge. El Hornero, Vol. 41 No. 1 (2026), 99-113. https://doi.org/10.56178/eh.v41i1.1537

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[1] Acha EM, Iribarne O, Piola A (ed) (2024) The Patagonian Shelf-break Front. Ecology, Fisheries, Wildlife Conservation. Springer Cham, Aquatic Ecology Series. Pp. 282. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52504-9

[2] Acha EM, Mianzan HW, Guerrero, RA, Favero M, Bava J (2004) Marine fronts at the continental shelves of austral South America: physical and ecological processes. Journal of Marine Systems 44(1-2):83-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2003.05.007

[3] Acha EM, Viñas MD, Derisio C, Alemany D, Piola A (2020) Large-scale geographic patterns of pelagic copepods in the Southwestern Atlantic: physical and biological drivers. Journal of Marine Systems 204:103281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2019.103281

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