Palabras clave
llamadas de disuasión
tasas de repetición
Troglodytes musculus
Cómo citar
Resumen
Las aves frecuentemente utilizan señales acústicas de alarma para alertar a co- y heterospecíficos de la presencia cercana de una amenaza. Los emisores pueden usar una señal única o largas secuencias de llamados repetitivos las cuales pueden producir un efecto sostenido en el comportamiento de los receptores de la señal. La tasa a la cual los llamados de alarma son dados pueden también revelar la ‘urgencia’ o nivel de riesgo percibido por el emisor. En la Ratona Común, Troglodytes musculus, los individuos reproductivos dan llamadas de alarma repetitivas cuando una amenaza es detectada cerca del nido. Para entender la información que puede codificar el número de llamadas y su tasa de emisión dadas por la Ratona, testeamos la respuesta de individuos a señales experimentalmente manipuladas. Reprodujimos a campo llamados de alarma que difirieron en su tasa de repetición y duración (número de notas) y registramos la probabilidad de respuesta, la latencia de respuesta, la distancia mínima de aproximación al parlante, y el tiempo que permanecieron cerca del parlante de conespecíficos. Las Ratonas responden más frecuentemente y rápidamente a llamados de alarma repetidos a altas tasas. Además, los individuos permanecieron más tiempo cerca del parlante cuando reprodujimos llamados a tasas altas de repetición y también a secuencias más largas de llamados. Sin embargo, los individuos se aproximaron más al parlante cuando reprodujimos secuencias largas de llamados a tasas bajas. Proponemos que la repetición de las llamadas puede revelar la persistencia del estímulo, mientras que la tasa de repetición de los llamados podría codificar información acerca del nivel de riesgo detectado. Estos hallazgos contribuyen a entender la información que los receptores extraen de las señales de alarmas de coespecíficos.
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