Palabras clave
material de nidos
mortalidad de pichones
Pampa Deprimida
plásticos
Cómo citar
Resumen
Muchas aves utilizan materiales artificiales para construir sus nidos, debido a su resistencia y estructura, propiedades decorativas, o de aislamiento térmico. Sin embargo, muchas veces causan mortalidad de adultos o pichones, algo que se ha registrado ampliamente en zonas urbanas, e incluso en áreas agrícolas y naturales alejadas de las fuentes de estos materiales. Los registros de materiales artificiales en nidos son más escasos en zonas naturales de ecosistemas terrestres, sin embargo, esta problemática crece a medida que el consumo de plásticos aumenta. Durante dos temporadas reproductivas (entre 2022 y 2024) monitoreamos nidos de aves en un área rural en Punta Indio, Buenos Aires, Argentina, registramos la presencia tanto de materiales artificiales como material proveniente de ganado (ej. pelos, lana) y reportamos casos de daño ocasionado a pichones o adultos. De 538 nidos examinados, 95 tuvieron materiales artificiales (cuerdas, bolsas y metales) y 294 tuvieron material orgánico proveniente de ganado. El Benteveo (Pitangus sulphuratus) y el Carancho (Caracara plancus) fueron las especies con mayor prevalencia de material artificial en nidos. Reportamos cuatro casos de daños producidos por dichos materiales que incluyeron la muerte de un juvenil, heridas en pichones, y la estrangulación de un adulto. Resaltamos la importancia de conocer qué especies seleccionan materiales artificiales para sus nidos y cuáles son los más utilizados, de manera de entender los daños que pueden ocasionar. Esto puede constituir una buena herramienta de educación ambiental en zonas rurales que aún están relativamente poco contaminadas.
Referencias
Antczak M, Hromada M, Czechowski P, Tabor J, Zablocki P, Grzybek J, Tryjanowski P (2010) A new material for old solutions- the case of plastic string used in Great Grey Shrike nests. Acta Ethologica 13:87–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10211-010-0077-2
Bailey IE, Morgan KV, Bertin M, Meddle SL, Healy SD (2014) Physical cognition: birds learn the structural efficacy of nest material. Proceeding of the Royal Society B 281: 20133225. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.3225
Blem CR, Blem BL, Harmata PJ (2002) Twine causes significant mortality in nestling Ospreys. The Wilson Bulletin 114:528–529. https://doi.org/10.1676/0043-5643(2002)114[0528:TCSMIN]2.0.CO;2
Blettler MCM, Gauna L, Andréault A, Abrial E, Lorenzon RE, Espínola LA, Wantzen KM (2020) The use of anthropogenic debris as nesting material by the Greater Thornbird, an inland–wetland-associated bird of South America. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27:41647–41655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10124-4
Blettler MCM, Mitchell C (2021) Dangerous traps: Macroplastic encounters affecting freshwater and terrestrial wildlife. Science of the Total Environment 798:149317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149317
Bond AL, Montevecchi WA, Guse N, Regular PM, Garthe S, Rail FJ (2012) Prevalence and composition of fishing gear debris in the nests of northern gannets (Morus bassanus) are related to fishing effort. Marine Pollution Bulletin 64:907–911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.03.011
Borrelle SB, Ringma J, Law KL, Monnahan CC, Leberton L, Mcgivern A, Murphy E, Jambbeck J, Leonard GH, Hilleary MA, Eriksen M ,Possinham HP, De Frond H, Gerber LR, Polidoro B, Tahir A, Bernardo M, Mallos N, Barnes M, Rochman CM (2020) Predicted growth in plastic waste exceeds efforts to mitigate plastic pollution. Science 369:1515–1518. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba3656
Briggs KB, Deeming DC, Mainwaring MC (2023) Plastic is a widely used and selectively chosen nesting material for pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) in rural woodland habitats. Science of the Total Environment 851:158660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158660
Codesido M, González-Fischer CM, Bilenca DN (2013) Landbird Assemblages in Different Agricultural Landscapes: A Case Study in the Pampas of Central Argentina. The Condor 115:8–16. https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2012.120011
Colombo MA, Segura LN (2023) Nest‐site features influence nest survival of the Hellmayr’s pipit in extensive cattle‐grazed grasslands. The Journal of Wildlife Management 87:e22396. https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22396
Corrales-Moya J, Barrantes G, Chacón-Madrigal E, Sandoval L (2021) Human waste used as nesting material affects nest cooling in the clay-colored thrush. Environmental Pollution 284:117539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117539
Eriksen M, Lebreton LCM, Carson HS, Thiel M, Moore CJ, Borerro JC, Galgani F, Ryan PG, Reisser J (2014) Plastic pollution in the world's oceans: more than 5 trillion plastic pieces weighing over 250,000 tons afloat at sea. PloS ONE 9(12):e111913. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111913
Espinoza MJ, Laviada I, Taberner Cerezo A, Luna Á, Gil-Delgado JA, Bernat-Ponce E (2024) Do birds select the plastics debris used for nest construction? A case study in a Mediterranean agricultural landscape. Environmental Research 255:119117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.119117
Hansell M, Ruxton GD (2002) An experimental study of the availability of feathers for avian nest building. Journal of Avian Biology 33:318–320. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-048X.2002.330316.x
Hartmann NB, Hüffer T, Thompson RC, Hassellöv M, Verschoor A, Daugaard AE, Rist S, Karlsson T, Brennholt N, Cole M, Herrling MP, Hess MC, Ivleva NP, Lusher AL, Wagner M (2019) Are We Speaking the Same Language? Recommendations for a Definition and Categorization Framework for Plastic Debris. Environmental Science & Technology 53:1039–1047. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b05297
Hummel A, Rodríguez R, Coconier E, Barasch Y (2009). El Parque Costero del Sur como área importante para la conservación de las aves. Pp. 82–87 en: J. Athor (ed) Parque Costero del Sur—Naturaleza, conservación y patrimonio cultural. Fundación Félix de Azara, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Hurley R, Horton A, Lusher A, Nizzetto L (2020) Plastic waste in the terrestrial environment. Pp. 163-193 en: Letcher TM (ed) Plastic waste and recycling. Academic Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-817880-5.00007-4
Jagiello Z, Corsini M, Dylewski Ł, Ibáñez Álamo JD, Szulkin M (2022) The extended avian urban phenotype: anthropogenic solid waste pollution, nest design, and fitness. Science of The Total Environment 838(2):156034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156034
Jagiello Z, Dylewski L, Tobolka M, Aguirre JI (2019) Life in a polluted world: A global review of anthropogenic materials in bird nests. Environmental Pollution 251:717–722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.028
Janic B, Bańbura J, Glądalski M, Kaliński A, Kamiński M, Marszał L, Pieniak D, Wawrzyniak J, Zieliński P (2023) Plastic occurrence in nests of a large forest bird. Ecological Indicators 153:110470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110470
Johnson LS (2020) Ratona (Troglodytes aedon), version 1.0. Birds of the World. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.houwre.01
Kühn S, van Freneker JA (2020) Quantitative overview of marine debris ingested by marine megafauna. Marine Pollution Bulletin 151:110858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110858
Li WC, Tse HF, Fok L (2016) Plastic waste in the marine environment: A review of sources, occurrence and effects. Science of The Total Environment 566–567:333–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.084
Li P, Wang X, Su M, Zou X, Duan L, Zhang H (2021) Characteristics of plastic pollution in the environment: a review. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 107:577–584. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-02820-1
Luna Á, Gil-Delgado JA, Bernat-Ponce E (2022) Plastic debris in nests of two water bird species breeding on inland saline lakes in a mediterranean biosphere reserve. Animals 12(22):3222. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12223222
Mallet J, Liébana MS, Santillán MA, Grande JM (2020) Raptor entanglement with human debris at nests: a patchy and species-specific problem. Journal of Raptor Research 54:316–318. https://doi.org/10.3356/0892-1016-54.3.316
Mansfield I, Reynolds SJ, Lynch I, Matthews TJ, Sadler JP (2024) Birds as bioindicators of plastic pollution in terrestrial and freshwater environments: A 30-year review. Environmental Pollution 348:123790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123790
Matteucci S (2012) Ecorregión Pampa. Pp. 391-446 en: Morello J, Matteucci S, Rodriguez A, y Silva M (eds). Ecorregiones y complejos ecosistémicos argentinos. 1a Edición. Orientación Gráfica Editora, Buenos Aires.
Møller AP (2017) Fashion and out of fashion: appearance and disappearance of a novel nest building innovation. Avian Research 8:1-4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40657-017-0072-7
Monmany-Garzia AC, Malizia A, Pazos R, Ruiz Barrionuevo JM, Argarañá MF, Garello N, Blettler M, Galindo-Cardona A, Occhionero MA, Martín E, De Cristóbal RE (2020) ¿Qué estudiamos los ecólogos cuando investigamos los residuos plásticos en ambientes terrestres y dulceacuícolas de la Argentina? Ecología Austral 30:077–084. https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.20.30.1.0.913
Pagano LG, Mérida E (2009) Aves del Parque Costero del Sur. Pp. 200-244 en: Athor J (Ed) Parque Costero del Sur. Naturaleza, conservación y patrimonio cultural. Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara. Buenos Aires
Reynolds SJ, Ibáñez-Álamo JD, Sumasgutner P, Mainwaring MC (2019) Urbanisation and nest building in birds: a review of threats and opportunities. Journal of Ornithology 160:841–860. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-019-01657-8
Roitman G, Preliasco P (2012) Guía de reconocimiento de herbáceas de la Pampa Deprimida. Primera edición. Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Rodríguez B, López-Suárez P, Varo-Cruz N, Dack E, Rendall A, Siverio F, Siverio M, Rodríguez A (2023) Use of marine debris as nest material by ospreys. Marine Pollution Bulletin 194:115422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115422
Schutten K, Chandrashekar A, Dougherty L, Stevens B, Parmley EJ, Pearl D, Provencherc JF, Jardine CM (2024) How do life history and behaviour influence plastic ingestion risk in Canadian freshwater and terrestrial birds? Environmental Pollution 347:123777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123777
Segura LN, Depino EA, Gandoy F, Di Sallo FG, Arturi MF (2014) La distancia entre los parches de bosque y el tamaño de los árboles influyen en la abundancia del cardenal común (Paroaria coronata) en bosques naturales de Argentina. Interciencia 39:21–27
Segura LN, Dosil-Hiriart FD, González-García LN (2020) Exotic trees fail as a support for Red-crested Cardinal (Paroaria coronata) nests in a native forest of east-central Argentina. El Hornero 35:29–35. https://doi.org/10.56178/eh.v35i1.454
Segura LN, Mahler B, Berkunsky I, Reboreda JC (2015) Nesting biology of the Red-crested Cardinal (Paroaria Coronata) in south temperate forests of central Argentina. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 127:249–258. https://doi.org/10.1676/wils-127-02-249-258.1
Sergio F, Blas J, Blanco G, Tanferna A, López L, Lemus JA, Hiraldo F (2011) Raptor nest decorations are a reliable threat against conspecifics. Science 331:327–330. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1199422
Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN) (2023) Datos meteorológicos 2015-2023. Ministerio de Defensa, República Argentina
Sheard C, Stott L, Street SE, Healy SD, Sugasawa S, Lala KN (2024) Anthropogenic nest material use in a global sample of birds. Journal of Animal Ecology 93:691–704. https://doi.org/10.1111/13652656.14078
Sigler M (2014) The effects of plastic pollution on aquatic wildlife: current situations and future solutions. Water, Air & Soil Pollution 225:2184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-014-2184-6
Suárez-Rodríguez M, López-Rull I, Macías Garcia C (2013) Incorporation of cigarette butts into nests reduces nest ectoparasite load in urban birds: new ingredients for an old recipe? Biology letters 9(1):20120931. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2012.0931
Tavares DC, Lopes da Costa L, Freitas Rangel D, de Moura JF, Rosenthal Zalmon I, Siciliano S (2016) Nests of the Brown Booby (Sula leucogaster) as a potential indicator of tropical ocean pollution by marine debris. Ecological Indicators 70:10–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.06.005
Townsend AK, Barker CM (2014) Plastic and the nest entanglement of urban and agricultural crows. PLoS ONE 9(1):e88006. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088006
Wang Y, Chen S, Blair RB, Pingping J, Ping T (2009) Nest composition adjustments by Chinese Bulbuls Pycnonotus sinensis in an urbanized landscape of Hangzhou (E China). Acta Ornithologica 44:185–192. https://doi.org/10.3161/000164509X482768
Zduniak P, Bochénski M, Maciorowski G (2021) How littered are birds' of prey nests? Study of two sympatric species. Science of the Total Environment 790:148079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148079
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2025 Magalí Yassin; Luciano N. Segura; Virginia Monges, Ana P. Chiramberro, Martín A. Colombo