Biology and conservation of the Crowned Eagle (Harpyhaliaetus coronatus) in Argentina

Abstract

The Crowned Eagle (Harpyhaliaetus coronatus) is one of the largest raptors in Argentina. It has been recently categorized as endangered, with an estimated population of <1000 individuals. Despite its broad geographical distribution in southern South America, its biology and ecology are poorly known. Most of the information on this species was based on occasional records of individuals. In this study I provide 110 unpublished observations in La Pampa Province during 1999–2007. In 1995–2007, 15 active nests were discovered in La Pampa Province, 9 in Mendoza and 2 in Formosa. Egg laying (of a single egg) extends from August to October, and hatching occurs in November-December. Crowned Eagle’s diet is composed by a large variety of preys (mainly armadillos and snakes) and carrion. The species has been reported in 72 Important Bird Areas (IBAs) in Argentina, including 10 national parks and 12 natural areas. Based on this evidence I suggest Bosques Teltecas (Mendoza) and Jagüel del Monte (La Pampa) as priority areas for research intensification and conservation of the Crowned Eagle. Future research should focus on the estimation of population parameters, on banding and on satellital tracking of individuals. Besides, I propose a series of recommendations to avoid nest losses during the breeding season. Research should be accompanied by activities involving settlers and the general public so they enhance their knowledge of these birds and collaborate with their conservation.