Seasonal variation of rodent consumption by the Barn Owl (Tyto alba) in a suburban area of Chillán, central-south Chile

Abstract

During two years (November 1999–December 2001) we studied the seasonal variation of the diet of the Barn Owl (Tyto alba) in an suburban area of Chillán, Chile. On the basis of 259 pellets we identified 624 prey items. Five native and introduced rodent species, one bird order, and two insect orders composed the diet. With the exception of the 1999 spring, rodents were the most consumed prey during all seasons (63–100% of all individual preys). Among rodents, Oligoryzomys longicaudatus was the most dominant prey by number (18–56%). The diet diversity tended to be lower during winter. Geometric mean weight of rodent prey was seasonally variable, being lowest when Oligoryzomys longicaudatus was less consumed. Oligoryzomys longicaudatus and Rattus rattus made major biomass contribution. A sharp seasonal variation was observed in the Barn Owl diet, being rodents significantly most consumed during fall-winter. Seasonal consumption of birds also showed a significant variation, which was caused by its higher representation during spring 1999. Oligoryzomys longicaudatus showed the highest fluctuations, being significantly consumed during winter. Seasonal variation of the Barn Owl’s diet in Chillán was in close agreement with the temporal cycles of abundance of the rodent preys in southern Chile. As compared to other rodent species, the highest consumption of Oligoryzomys longicaudatus could be accounted by its differential vulnerability, probably caused by their scansorial habits, its tridimensional use of the habitat, and their widest displacements.