Breeding distribution and abundance of gulls and terns in the Bahía San Blas protected area, Buenos Aires

Abstract

The knowledge of seabird breeding distribution and abundance is important for their management and conservation. We present information on the breeding of gulls and terns gathered between 2006–2013 at the Reserva Natural de Usos Múltiples Bahía San Blas, Buenos Aires Province. We recorded the nesting of eight species, in most cases in mixedspecies colonies. During 2013, we counted 3635 nests of the Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) distributed in 4 colonies, 359 nests of the Olrog’s Gull (Larus atlanticus) in 2 colonies, 6 nests of the Brown-hooded Gull (Larus maculipennis), 841 nests of the Royal Tern (Thalasseus maximus), 195 nests of the Sandwich Tern (Thalasseus sandvicensis), 265 nests of the Snowy-crowned Tern (Sterna trudeaui) distributed in 3 colonies, and 21 nests of the South American Tern (Sterna hirundinacea) in 2 colonies. The Gull-billed Tern (Gelochelidon nilotica) did not breed in the area in 2013, but did so in the previous seasons. We observed breeding activities in a total of six sites, although not all of them were used in all breeding seasons. While the Kelp Gull, the Olrog’s Gull, the Royal Tern and the Sandwich Tern used the same sites among seasons, the Brown-hooded Gull, the Gull-billed Tern and the Snowy-crowned Tern changed sites among years. Monitoring programs should include several visits throughout the season at all identified sites, so as to ensure detection of bird breeding activity. In addition, the accessibility of visitors to colonies suggests the need for planning of human activities in the protected area given the sensitivity of these species to human disturbance.