Keywords
agroecosystems
land use
local scale
species richness
stubbles
trophic guild
Zenaida auriculata
Abstract
During the last decades, the Pampas Region of Argentina has witnessed an expansion of the croplands at the expense of grasslands and pastures. As a result of no-till system, after harvesting the region shows large areas with stubbles. The aim of this study is to describe the assemblage of land birds and compare species richness and abundance at the community guild levels in crop and livestock fields during two contrasting periods of the year, when croplands remains at stubbles stage. Twenty-five sites were selected and in each one four samplings were conducted: two in spring-summer and two in autumn. In each site and each sampling, two crop and two livestock fields were chosen, totalling 392 fields. Birds were recorded in each field using a linear transect of 700 m by 100 m. Seventy-five species were recorded. Livestock fields supported greater species richness than crop fields throughout the study, provided by highest insectivore species richness. In spring-summer, there was a higher abundance in livestock fields, mainly of insectivore birds. There were not significant differences in species richness and abundance of granivorous birds between land uses, even though in autumn there was a sharp differential use of crop fields by the granivorous species Zenaida auriculata, which accounted for 36% of total abundance in crop fields during that period. The results show that there is an impoverishment of the bird assemblage in crop fields with regard to livestock fields and it can be expected that these trends will be accentuated as long as the substitution between these different land uses deepens.
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