Palabras clave
aves marinas
conservación
Macronectes giganteus
Petrel Gigante del Sur
plataforma continental argentina
Cómo citar
Resumen
El Petrel Gigante del Sur (Macronectes giganteus) es un ave marina pelágica con distribución circumpolar en el Hemisferio Sur y está considerado como especie Vulnerable. Es el único procellariiforme que nidifica en la costa argentina (a excepción de las Islas Malvinas). En Argentina, sus sitios de nidificación están restringidos a dos colonias en la provincia de Chubut (Isla Arce e Isla Gran Robredo) y dos colonias en Isla de los Estados (Isla Observatorio y Península López). La población reproductiva se estima en 2600 parejas, el 90% de las cuales pertenece a las colonias de Chubut. La puesta de un único huevo se inicia durante la última semana de octubre y la eclosión durante la última semana de diciembre. La independencia de los pichones ocurre hacia la segunda semana de marzo y principios de abril. La dieta está compuesta principalmente por pingüinos y cefalópodos (principalmente calamar) y por restos de mamíferos marinos, peces y decápodos. La basura constituye un componente importante de su dieta. Las áreas de alimentación durante el período reproductivo se localizan al borde del talud, en la plataforma media y en áreas costeras, con una marcada segregación sexual en el uso del espacio. Dichas áreas tienen una marcada superposición espacio-temporal con las pesquerías de langostino, calamar y merluza. El monitoreo de las poblaciones, el registro de parámetros reproductivos básicos, el conocimiento del comportamiento en el mar y la determinación de las áreas de alimentación del Petrel Gigante del Sur constituyen información prioritaria para desarrollar pautas de manejo y conservación de sus poblaciones.
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