Palabras clave
bacterias
conservación
enfermedades
Falconiformes
helmintos
hongos
medicina
protozoos
Strigiformes
virus
Cómo citar
Resumen
Como resultado de los cambios de origen humano en los ambientes naturales, del sostenido aumento de la población humana mundial y de la creciente tasa de contacto entre seres humanos, animales silvestres y domésticos, la exposición de todos ellos a macroparásitos (helmintos y artrópodos) y microparásitos (bacterias, virus, protozoos) está en constante aumento. Esto conduce a la aparición de numerosas enfermedades en animales y seres humanos. Sumados a los factores clásicamente considerados (pérdida de hábitat, introducción de especies, efecto en cadena de las extinciones y persecución directa), los parásitos pueden ocasionar también severos cambios demográficos en poblaciones de aves rapaces y otros animales silvestres, y contribuir a su declinación. Como respuesta a esta situación surge una nueva disciplina de crisis: la medicina de la conservación. Sus objetivos son la conservación de la biodiversidad y lograr el restablecimiento de la salud de los ecosistemas naturales y de todos sus componentes. A diferencia de enfoques previos, los cuales percibían a la conservación y a la salud de las especies animales y de los seres humanos como temas separados, la medicina de la conservación se preocupa por todos ellos, dado que la pérdida del estado de salud en cualquiera de estos componentes puede impactar negativamente en los otros. La conservación de las aves rapaces de Argentina dentro de un marco de desarrollo sustentable necesita de la colaboración y el esfuerzo mancomunado de profesionales provenientes no solo de las ciencias médicas y biológicas sino también de las sociales, políticas y económicas. La medicina de la conservación puede ser el marco adecuado para quienes comparten estos ideales.
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