Archivos suplementarios
Palabras clave
casco de estancia
diversidad de aves
ecorregiones
humedal
nómadas
Patagonia
Cómo citar
Resumen
La diversidad y composición de aves son fundamentales para las evaluaciones ambientales y la planificación de la conservación. La diversidad de aves asociada a ecosistemas áridos ha recibido un notable interés científico a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, las comunidades de aves en las zonas áridas de la Patagonia han sido escasamente estudiadas. En este trabajo, analizamos la riqueza, abundancia y composición de especies de aves a lo largo de una transecta desde los Andes hasta la costa Atlántica en el norte de la Patagonia, abarcando dos ecorregiones áridas: el Monte y la estepa Patagónica. Establecimos 14 estaciones de muestreo a lo largo de la Ruta 23. En cada estación se realizaron 14 censos de aves entre 1998 y 2012. Examinamos las variaciones en la composición de las comunidades de aves entre las 14 estaciones mediante un análisis de redundancia basado en distancias (dbRDA), incluyendo como variables ambientales la temperatura media, la precipitación anual, la presencia de árboles (asociada a casas de estancia) y la disponibilidad de agua (clasificada como permanente, temporal o ausente). En total, se registraron 126 especies de aves pertenecientes a 20 órdenes y 38 familias en los puntos de muestreo. Encontramos que la temperatura media y la disponibilidad de agua desempeñan un papel clave en la estructuración de las comunidades de aves en ecosistemas áridos. Dado el desafío que implica el calentamiento global en la región, incluyendo sequías severas, estos resultados subrayan la importancia de establecer una línea de base para estudios futuros. Estos datos son cruciales para desarrollar planes de manejo orientados a preservar la diversidad de aves en estos ecosistemas vulnerables.
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