Archivos suplementarios
Palabras clave
aves urbanas
estructuras antropogénicas
grupos funcionales
oportunidades de nido
productividad primaria
Cómo citar
Resumen
La urbanización crea la forma de uso de la tierra más irreversible y dominada por el ser humano, lo que a menudo resulta en la pérdida de especies y la homogeneización funcional de las comunidades de aves. Aquí investigamos cómo las áreas de vivienda en una mega ciudad Neotropical pueden impulsar la aparición de especies de aves y la diversidad funcional en áreas densamente habitadas. Usando tres escalas locales (radio de 50, 100 y 200 m), probamos cómo la riqueza de especies de aves, los grupos funcionales y los índices de diversidad funcional pueden verse influenciados por el índice de vegetación de diferencia normalizada (NDVI, un proxy de la productividad primaria) y la cobertura (m2) de superficie de techos de arcilla roja (RCR, un sitio de anidación urbano potencial) en la megaciudad de São Paulo, Brasil. Registramos 40 especies de aves, la mayoría anidando en los árboles. Pocas especies muy abundantes (autóctonas y exóticas) pueden utilizar los techos y otras estructuras urbanas como sitios de anidación. Los modelos GLM mostraron que la uniformidad funcional aumentó con aumentos sincronizados de las cubiertas NDVI 200 m y RCR 200 m y disminuyó con el aumento de NDVI 50 m. La mayoría de los índices ecológicos de las aves analizados aquí no se vieron afectados ni por el NDVI ni por el RCR a escala local. Sin embargo, la composición de especies de aves y la uniformidad funcional fueron sensibles a NDVI y RCR. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que los altos valores sincronizados de NDVI (recursos vinculados a la vegetación) y la cobertura de RCR (probabilidad de anidación) pueden mejorar la regularidad de los rasgos funcionales de las aves y las funciones del ecosistema en áreas habitacionales de una mega ciudad neotropical.
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