Palabras clave
densidad
EVI
monitoreo biológico
precipitaciones
temperatura
tendencia poblacional de aves
uso de la tierra
Cómo citar
Resumen
La expansión e intensificación agrícolas resultaron en importantes cambios en el paisaje agrícola de la Región Pampeana Argentina. Se utilizaron modelos lineales generalizados mixtos para analizar la relación entre la densidad de dos especies de aves, la Tijereta (Tyrannus savana) y el Pecho Colorado (Sturnella superciliaris), y variables ambientales asociadas a la cobertura, los usos de la tierra, la productividad vegetal y las condiciones climáticas. El área de estudio en la región central de Argentina se dividió en tres subregiones: (1) predominantemente agrícola, (2) agrícola–ganadera y (3) agrícola–ganadera bajo bosque nativo. Las aves fueron muestreadas anualmente durante 2003–2011 en 48 transectas de puntos localizadas en caminos secundarios. La densidad promedio de la Tijereta fue de 0.132 ind/ha, se incrementó significativamente en la subregión agrícola, y estuvo asociada a la disminución en la cobertura de bosque y al incremento en la proporción de cobertura de rastrojo y campo en descanso. La densidad del Pecho Colorado fue de 0.045 ind/ha, decreció en la subregión agrícola-ganadera y se incrementó en paisajes con mayor proporción de pasturas perennes, cobertura de rastrojo, campos en descanso y pasturas anuales, evitando sitios con mayor cobertura de bosque. La productividad y las variables climáticas solamente mostraron una asociación fuerte con la densidad del Pecho Colorado. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la cobertura de usos de la tierra, la productividad y los factores climáticos son importantes al planificar estrategias de conservación de aves a escala regional en los agroecosistemas de Argentina.
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