Palabras clave
aves
contaminantes
luz artificial
urbanización
Cómo citar
Resumen
Los ambientes nocturnos naturales son modificados por emisiones de luces provenientes de fuentes artificiales. La luz artificial en altas densidades se considera un contaminante dado que puede provocar efectos nocivos en la salud humana y en la fauna silvestre. En la última década los estudios sobre sus efectos para las aves han incrementado, pero aún no se ha abordado en profundidad en Argentina. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una recopilación de los principales efectos de la contaminación lumínica, con especial énfasis en Argentina. Primero, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica a escala global, en la cual se buscó específicamente revisiones que recopilaran los principales efectos para las aves. Luego, se identificaron grupos o especies de Argentina susceptibles a esta amenaza, reportadas tanto en bibliografía como en la IUCN y en eBird Argentina. La revisión bibliográfica mostró que la luz artificial puede alterar el ritmo circadiano, los patrones de migración y movimiento, y provocar cambios comportamentales. Para Argentina, se encontraron 3 estudios sobre la temática y un total de 19 especies de aves registradas como afectadas por esta amenaza. Este trabajo muestra que las aves de Argentina no están exentas de los efectos de la contaminación lumínica, sin embargo, los trabajos disponibles aún son escasos. Contemplando que, solo en Argentina habitan más de mil especies, menos del 1% de las especies del país fueron estudiadas.
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